基于关联规则的老年住院患者跌倒伤害事件发生特征分析

目的 了解老年住院患者跌倒伤害事件的发生特征，探索各特征之间的关联性，旨在为制定跌倒伤害预防措施提供参考。方法 回顾性分析上海市3所综合性医疗机构2014年1月至2018年12月发生的115例老年住院患者跌倒伤害事件，采用Aprior算法对跌倒伤害事件发生特征进行关联规则的数据挖掘。结果 通过设定筛选条件共得到473条强关联规则，结合护理专业知识最终得到9条具有临床实际意义的强关联规则，主要包括发生时间为00:01～06:59、3～6种并存疾病和未主动寻求帮助等。结论 老年住院患者跌倒伤害事件的发生有一定的特征，挖掘出的关联规则能够为护理人员提供跌倒伤害高频场景的指导意见，以此识别易导致跌伤的高危人群及环境，为预防跌倒伤害项目提供较好的案例支持。     

Analysis of Interventional Clinical Research Protocols Related to Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Future Expectations

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID?19) is a newly emerging infectious disease.After its outbreak, researchersstarted a large number of clinical interventional studies, using a variety of interventions to study the different types of COVID?19 cases. In this article, we searched the websites of Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ClinicalTrials.gov, etc., to study the publicly registered research information. Through the classification and summary of interventional methods, evaluation indicators, research design, etc., this article provided readers with the outline of clinical research about COVID?19, and looked forward to the scientificity, feasibility, and future evidence of the clinical researches.     

药品审评检查机构质量管理体系建设实践探索

目的:贯彻国务院强化质量管理、落实全国药监部门完善自身质量管理体系工作部署,梳理山东省药品审评检查机构质量管理体系建设情况,总结经验、查找不足,加强审评检查质量管理。方法:调研药品审评检查机构导入质量管理体系的现实意义,剖析山东省药品审评检查机构质量管理体系建设的实践经验,思考存在的问题。结果:行之有效的质量管理体系对药品审评检查机构规范化建设和药品审评检查发展起到了积极的推动作用。结论:药品审评检查机构推进质量管理体系建设,对规范自身建设、提高工作质量、降低业务风险、服务医药产业发展具有重要作用,也是必然要求,药品审评检查机构质量管理体系需要持续改进,逐渐与国际接轨。     

沉默LIMK1抑制人结肠癌SW480细胞上皮-间质转化

目的:研究沉默LIMK1对人结肠癌SW480细胞上皮-间质转化（epithelial-mesenchymal transformation，EMT）的影响。方法:RT-PCR、Western blot、免疫荧光与免疫组化检测沉默LIMK1对EMT相关分子表达的影响。裸鼠实验检测沉默LIMK1对移植瘤生长的影响。结果:RT-PCR检测显示，沉默LIMK1可下调Vimentin和上调E-cadherin mRNA表达(P<0.05)。Western blot显示，沉默LIMK1可明显下调SW480细胞Snail及Vimentin蛋白表达和上调E-cadherin表达(P<0.05)。免疫荧光显示，LIMK1沉默细胞Snail与Vimentin阳性信号较对照组明显减弱，而E-cadherin阳性信号显著增强。裸鼠实验结果显示，沉默组肿瘤生长速度较SW480组明显减慢(P<0.05)。沉默组移植瘤瘤重（0.16±0.079）g较SW480组（0.86±0.165）g明显减少，瘤重抑制率为97.7%(P<0.05)。LIMK1沉默组移植瘤较对照组的Ki-67、Vimentin、Snail与CD34阳性表达明显减弱，而E-cadherin表达明显增加。结论:沉默LIMK1可体外抑制人结肠癌SW480细胞EMT。     

基于TCGA、THPA、GEO数据库挖掘PTTG1在乳腺癌中的表达及预后意义

目的:通过对癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas，TCGA)、人类蛋白组图谱(The Human Protein Atlas，THPA)和人类肿瘤相关的基因表达汇编(Gene Expression Omnibus，GEO)数据库的数据挖掘，探索垂体肿瘤转化基因1（pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1，PTTG1）在乳腺癌中的表达及预后意义。方法:从TCGA、THPA和GEO数据库提取PTTG1在乳腺癌及正常组织中mRNA和蛋白水平的变化和患者临床病理资料，GEO在线预后分析数据库Kaplan-Meier Plotter(http://kmplot.com)检索PTTG1乳腺癌预后的相关性。结果:在数据库中，PTTG1 mRNA和蛋白水平在乳腺癌队列中表达显著高于正常乳腺组织(P<0.01)；PTTG1 mRNA在不同的分子亚型中表达存在显著差异(P<0.05)；PTTG1 mRNA在ER和PR阳性乳腺癌患者组织中表达显著低于ER和PR阴性乳腺癌患者(P<0.05)；PTTG1 mRNA在进展期乳腺癌患者组织中表达显著高于早期乳腺癌患者(P<0.05)；PTTG1 mRNA随着乳腺癌患者组织学分级程度升高而降低(P<0.05)。PTTG1低表达乳腺癌患者的预后显著好于其高表达患者(P<0.001)；PTTG1高表达的ER和PR阳性、HER-2阴性乳腺癌患者的预后均显著差于其低表达者(P<0.05)。PTTG1高表达乳腺癌样本富集到细胞因子受体相互作用、趋化因子信号通路、细胞周期、自然杀伤细胞介导细胞毒性、Toll样受体信号通路和T细胞受体信号通路等相关基因集。结论:PTTG1 mRNA和蛋白在乳腺癌组织中高表达，PTTG1 mRNA表达与乳腺癌预后相关且在不同分子分型的乳腺癌中具有不同的预后监测意义，可以作为乳腺癌预后判断的标志物。     

The Associations of Dietary Inflammatory Potential With Musculoskeletal Health in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older People: The Mr. OS and Ms. OS (Hong Kong) Cohort Study

Inflammation, an important contributory factor of muscle and bone aging, is potentially modulated by diet. This study examined the associations of dietary inflammatory index (DII) score with musculoskeletal parameters and related disease outcomes in 3995 community-dwelling Chinese men and women aged ≥65 years in Hong Kong. DII score at baseline was estimated from a food frequency questionnaire. Bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle mass estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), hand grip strength, gait speed, and chair stand test were measured at baseline, year 4, and year 14. The associations of DII score with the longitudinal changes of musculoskeletal parameters, and incidence of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and fractures were examined by using general linear model, multinomial logistic regression model, and Cox proportional hazards regression model, respectively. After multiple adjustments, each tertile increase in DII score in men was associated with 0.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10–0.64) kg loss in grip strength and 0.02 (95% CI, 0.01–0.03) m/s loss in gait speed over 4 years. In men, the highest tertile of DII was associated with a higher risk of incident fractures, with adjusted and competing death adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) of 1.56 (1.14–2.14) and 1.40 (1.02–1.91), respectively. In women, DII score was not significantly associated with any muscle-related outcomes or incidence of fracture, but a significant association between higher DII score and risk of osteoporosis at year 14 was observed, with the highest tertile of DII score having adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) of 1.90 (1.03–3.52). In conclusion, pro-inflammatory diet consumption promoted loss of muscle strength and physical function, and increased risk of fractures in older Chinese men. Pro-inflammatory diets had no significant association with muscle related outcomes but increased the long-term risk of osteoporosis in older Chinese women. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).     

基于VAS评价右美托咪定在宫颈癌根治术后镇痛及术后快速康复中的临床效果

目的:研究右美托咪定在宫颈癌根治术后镇痛及术后快速康复中的临床应用效果。方法:将2015年7月至2018年7月在本院行宫颈癌根治术的86例患者随机分为对照组和观察组各43例。对照组术后镇痛采用舒芬太尼和格拉司琼，观察组术后镇痛加用右美托咪定。采用视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评价患者术后1 h、6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h疼痛情况，采用Ramesay评分法评价患者不同时间点镇静状况，记录并比较两组患者不同时间点收缩压、舒张压、心率及呼吸频率变化，比较两组患者不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组患者术后6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h VAS评分均明显低于对照组（P＜0.05），Ramesay评分均明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组和对照组患者术后不同时间点呼吸频率比较，差异无统计学意义，但术后6 h、12 h、24 h观察组患者收缩压、心率均明显低于对照组（P＜0.05），术后1 h、6 h观察组患者舒张压明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组患者恶心呕吐、高血压发生率较对照组明显减低。结论:右美托咪定用于宫颈癌根治术后镇痛，可以提高镇痛镇静效果，稳定患者血流动力学，有助于术后快速康复。